INTRODUCTION:

To achieve better and improved environments and increased required efficiencies, the architecture or contractors seek to Optimize building systems by making a smart home through the iterative process of integrateddesign[1]. The design of a building from the inside out, always considering human use, needs, and perception[2]. Smart buildings are becoming more widely adopted in the recent societies due to their potential to reduce electric energy costs, and to improve the human health and productivity[3].More and more experts and researchers attached great importance to Green Building, smart building which can reduce environmental impacts, and improve working and living conditions[4].To provide universal energy for all by 2030, which is top in the announcement of 2012 as the International Year of Sustainable Energy for All [5].HEED (Home Energy Efficient Design) is having a power and easy to use so that it is mostly used at the very starting of the design process when a building is only vaguely defined. Ultimate energy performance will be affect when most of the conclusions as well as decisions are made by HEED [6].

Fig. 1 Initial floor plan design of the home

A. Home Energy Efficient Design (HEED)Tool:

For making specific changes in residential building design for the purpose of reducing energy consumption the HEED tool was developed by University of California los angles and it is very helpful to designer and architecture [7].The designer can design their own floor plan of the building as well as designer can place exact plan for doors and windows and construction assemblies like wall insulation. For the user several graphs and 3D plots are provided to show the difference in design variations. HEED performs energy consumption and load energy profile analysis for the entire building [8].HEED made much more comfortable to understand complex design for a building performance [9].No cost is require for using HEED tool [10].The new release of HEED 4.0 (Build 27, Jul 31, 2012) was validated using ASHRAE Standard 140, 2007 [11].This tool is user-friendly effective function with certified code compliance program [12].

B. 1. Building Design and Model:

Initially we consider to construct a brand new home for single family house(considered as one storied) with one thousand square feet in jaipurrajastan. Also the roof shape of the new home is flat shape and it have no attached garage. There are three schemes where we will compare on each scheme. Scheme 1 which meets the energy code of California scheme 2 which meets more energy efficient. Scheme 3 is all about Jaipur, Rajasthan area whose latitude is 26 and the importance is that smart homes are very much essential. The initial floor plan design of the home is shown in figure 1. No matter in this tool one can rotate the house as per require direction. Here we are positioning north- south face figure 2. Rotating view one can observed from figure 4. Total no of window and its size can be known from figure 3. Frame used in the new designed home is wood, vinyl, or fiber glass as well as operable windows and its value for clear double pane low- E in insulated fibre glass/vinyl frame (U=0.32 SHGC =0.46 TVIS = 0.58). Wall assemblies meet the current energy code. Building wrap and duct sealing is kept default standard design as 2,5 SLA and 5.0 ACH50. Where SLA is specific leakage area; square feet of total crack area per 10,000 square feet of conditioned floor area(CFA) and ACH50: air changes at 50 Pascal’s pressure, as measured by blower door test [13]. For indoor air velocity for cooling we are here choosing strong air velocity and fan forced ventilation 2CFM/SqFt.(about 13.33 air changes/hour).similarly for heating and cooling purpose we choose energy code minimum furnace (78 AFUE, Annual

Fuel Utilization Efficiency) and energy code minimum air conditioner(13 SEER, Seasonal energy efficiency ratio) [14].Overhang (such as awnings) must be added or removed on either the basic or advanced windows design screens here we fix as default condition are fixed all year. For solar system 1 KW AC system and solar water heating system, sized to serve 1,000 sq. Ft. home. California utility rates are automatically selected. Home Energy Rating predict annual energy cost accurately [15].It has been established in many countries many years before to inform households for their houses utilization of current energy performance [16].Home energy rating is shown in figure 8 and total fuel and energy consumed for the three scheme is shown in 9.

Fig. 2 Orientation of the newly designed home

Fig. 3 Key location of window with quantity and its height ,width

Fig. 4 Design view while rotating facing south and facing west of newly designed home

Fig. 5 Appliances of annual energy consumed for newly designed home

Fig. 6 Economicanalysi

Fig. 7 Summary table for net energy cost used for three sche

Fig. 8. Comparison of Home energy

Fig. 9. Total fuel and enegy consumed for the three scheme in graphical form

Fig. 10. Energy efficient design strategies

Fig. 11. Hourly bar chart for new designed home

Table 1 Calculation Of Heat Loss And Gain

Attribute	Scheme 1	Scheme 2	Scheme 3
Total floor area (sqft)	1000.00	1000.00	1000.00
Net total fuel consumed kBTU	18192.55	17187.48	18010.18
Total electricity total kWh	7536.91	7719.70	7714.43
Peak total loads Heat loss BTUh	-4394.44	-9110.26	-8879.32
Peak total loads Heat Gain BTUh	14797.67	15861.61	15861.61
Peak hours heating output kBTU	-8.82	-0.82	-0.82
Peak hour cooling output kBTU	17.43	18.51	18.51
Peak hour electricity kW	2.35	2.51	2.51
Cost of net site energy total S	2018.83	2061.58	1439.36

Table 2 Calculation Of For NO_X, SO_X,H_G,CO₂

Attribute	Scheme 1	Scheme 2	Scheme 3
Solar PV generated on site kWh	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net total electricity consumed.kWh	7536.91	7719.70	5719.32
Solar hot water generated kBTU	0.00	0.00	6423.92
Net total fuel consumed kBTU	18192.55	17187.48	18010.18
NOx nitrogen oxides Ibs	12.57	12.78	9.40
SOx sulphur oxides Ibs	11.83	12.11	8.97
Hg mercury Ibs/100,000	143.20	146.67	108.67
Co2 carbon dioxide ... Ibs	7124.34	7129.36	5148.84
Co2 carbon dioxide source Ibs	17152.35	17400.58	12758.51

Table 3 HVAC Heating And Cooling Outputs

Attribute	Scheme 1	Scheme 2	Scheme 3
Total floor area sqft	1000	1000	1000
Total glazed area sqft	232.02	229.06	2229.06
South window glazed area	68.01	76.05	76.05
Heat loss BTUh	-7280.24	-9025.28	-9025.28
Heating HVAC output tot.	-0.82	-0.03	-0.03
Cooling HVAC output total	44.11	45.14	45.10
Total HVAC output	44.93	45.17	45.13
Air changes per hour avg.	1.35	1.54	1.54
Site energy use	12868	12757	9115

Table 4 Calculation Based On Passive Hours Due To Total Energy Of Heat Loss And Gain Utilized For Three Scheme

Attribute	Scheme 1	Scheme 2	Scheme 3
Passive hours	37.21	40.42	40.51
Solar hot water gen	. 0.00	0.00	6.42
total fuel consumed	18.19	17.19	18.01
Solar PV generated	0.00	0.00	2.00
Net total electricity cons.	7.54	7.72	5.72
Site energy use net total	43.91	43.53	31.10
Site energy use scheme	1 100	99.13	70.83
Co2 carbon dioxide	7.12	7.13	5.15
Co2 because of scheme	1 100	100.07	72.27

Fig. 12. HVAC system calculation for jaipur design scheme

B. 2. HEED Heat Gain Calculations:

The From reference [8] we can write the heat gain equation as

Q = X + Y + Z	(1)
X = UA(T_out- T_in)	(2)
Y = (SHGC)(Area)(DirectBeam)(cos 𝝷)	(3)

Z = Diffuse

(4)

where: Q = Energy gain/loss (Btu/h)

U = overall coefficient of heat transfer (Btu/h*ft²*⁰F)

A = total area of fenestration, ft²

T(_out) = exterior air temperature (⁰F)

T(_in) = interior air temperature (⁰F)

Direct = incident direct beam radiation (Btu/h*ft²)

Diffuse = diffuse sky radiation (Btu/h*ft²)

𝝷= angle of incidence (degrees)

SHGC = solar heat gain coefficient

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is extensively instrumented for metro cities where large-scal buildings are available [17].In modern buildings these are widely installed for providing including both indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort [18].While improving employee’s work and the working space environment economically rewarding activity is the lighting systems and HVAC system [19]. In residential buildings and commercial HVAC system is used in order to maintain comfortable and safe to the internal environments [20].Air conditioning is now highly demand to our warm world society which effects energy a lot [7].photovoltaic (PV) system performance can be simulated by HEED tool [21].This tool is validated against ASHRAE [22].Go green is very important now a days [23]. HEED is a easily and freely downloadable by www.energy-design-tools.aud.ucla.edu/heed [24].HEED can quickly calculate the energy savings of home design and it is isa easy-to-use, simple, free, design tool [24].

Fig. 13. Energy performance and peak load for three schemes

Fig. 14. Polution and passive design by graphicall analysis

Fig. 15. Analysis based on zero energy building

Design And Simulation Analysis:

The Hourly Bar Chart shows from figure 11 from which components need design attention and which do not need formore look out. Influence of Carbon dioxide for all three scheme can be calculated from figure 15. one can modifyinformation related to windows, walls, climate, HVAC system, thermal mass, pollution and can build his own zero energydesign. Green bars in figure 10 represent neither cooling or heating is required. For cooling blue bars are showing. Forscheme 3 for jaipur the total heat gain and loss calculation is shown in figure 12. HEED calculates all the amount offuel used for newly designed home i.e. space heating, cooking, water heating, and clothes drying which is shown in figure 5 and the economic analysis and summary table shown in figure6 and in figure 7.Based on table I, figure 13 and from tableII calculation, figure 14 can be generated . For passive designscheme analysis shown 14. From figure 15 it shows aboutbased on zero energy building. Table III and table IV basedon HVAC cooling and heating and passive hour influence tozero energy building.

Simulation helps home energy rating total fuel energy consumed with bar graph with clearly mentioning values associated with it. This paper we choose jaipur as scheme 3 and it will be compare with scheme 1 and 2. Scheme 1, all about California Energy Code. Scheme 2 that is 30 percentage better. Next it suggests other strategies like jaipur as per designer choice able that one can test by using the remaining seven schemes. But one can compare nine schemes at a time by varying either in design or situation of positioning the home by putting new whether location of different place. So what modification will require one can early planned and accordingly one can remodel the newly designed smart home and by looking different sceme one can choice the most energy efficient design of the smart home.

CONCLUSIONS:

HEED is a successful tool and it provides an effective solution for understanding the complex features of differentdesigns and graphical charts. It gives individual design concepts and relating ideas through different charts so that itis very helpful to the designer in the early stage. Different features make this tool very essential for contractors, builders, architects, and homeowners to understand the local climate before where design starts and how it gives more impact in the performance of their newly designed buildings. In building design if one need to change any aspect then HEED makes its user very easy.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT:

HEED is a product of UCLA Department of Architecture and Urban Design.

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Received on 21.05.2017 Accepted on 29.06.2017

Int. J. Tech. 2017; 7(1): 37-46

DOI:10.5958/2231-3915.2017.00008.6